ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the ventilatory function by Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) in the immediate pre and postoperative periods of patients undergoing elective surgical procedures in the upper abdomen. Methods: we conducted a prospective cohort study including 47 patients admitted to the Hospital Regional de Mato Grosso do Sul from July to December 2014, who underwent elective surgeries of the upper abdomen, and submiited to spirometric evaluation and measurement of PEF immediately before and after surgery. Results: of the 47 patients, 22 (46.8%) were male and 25 (53.20%) female. The mean preoperative PEF was 412.1±91.7, and postoperative, 331.0±87.8, indicating significant differences between the two variables. Men had higher PEF values than women, both in the pre and postoperative periods. There was a reasonable inverse correlation between age and decreased PEF. Both situations showed statistical significance (p<0.001). The group of smokers had lower PEF values both before and after surgery. The group of patients with comorbidities (hypertension and/or diabetes) showed lower PEF values both pre and postoperatively (p=0.005). In both groups, surgery resulted in a significant decrease in PEF (p<0.001). The type of surgery performed and the type of anesthesia did not show significant differences. Conclusion: the variables most involved in decreased lung function were: advanced age, smoking and presence of comorbidities. However, there is no consistent evidence to suggest conducting routine spirometry in such patients.
RESUMO Objetivo: avaliação comparativa da função ventilatória através do Pico de Fluxo Expiratório (PFE) no pré e pós-operatório imediatos de pacientes submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos eletivos do andar superior do abdome. Métodos: estudo prospectivo de coorte incluindo 47 pacientes internados no Hospital Regional de Mato Grosso do Sul de Julho à Dezembro de 2014, e que realizaram cirurgias eletivas do andar superior do abdome, e submetidos à avaliação espirométrica e aferição do PFE no pré e pós operatório imediatos. Resultados: dos 47 pacientes, 22 (46,8%) eram do sexo masculino, e 25 (53,20%) do sexo feminino. A média do PFE pré-operatório foi 412,1±91,7, e do pós-operatório de 331,0±87,8, indicando diferenças significantes entre as duas variáveis. O sexo masculino apresentou maiores valores de PFE do que o feminino, tanto no pré-cirúrgico quanto no pós-cirúrgico. Observou-se razoável correlação inversamente proporcional entre as variáveis idade e diminuição do PFE. Ambas as situações mostraram significância estatística (p<0,001). O grupo composto por fumantes apresentou menores valores de PFE tanto no pré como no pós-operatório. O grupo composto por portadores de co-morbidades (HAS e/ou DM) apresentou menores valores de PFE tanto no pré como no pós-operatório (p=0,005). Em ambos os grupos, o pós-operatório determinou uma diminuição significativa do PFE (p<0,001). O tipo de cirurgia realizada e o tipo de anestesia não mostraram diferenças significantes em relação ao PFE. Conclusão: as variáveis mais implicadas na diminuição da função ventilatória, avaliadas através da PFE, foram: idade avançada, tabagismo e presença de comorbidades.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Young Adult , Peak Expiratory Flow Rate , Abdomen/surgery , Postoperative Period , Prospective Studies , Elective Surgical Procedures , Preoperative Period , Middle AgedABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Avaliar as diferenças histológicas da pneumonia intersticial usual entre biópsias cirúrgicas de lobos pulmonares distintos, utilizando um escore semiquantitativo. MÉTODOS: Foram selecionados todos os pacientes com o diagnóstico de fibrose pulmonar idiopática e submetidos à biópsia cirúrgica em dois lobos distintos no Hospital São Paulo e em hospitais afiliados da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, no período entre 1995 e 2005. Foi utilizado um método semiquantitativo na avaliação histológica dos espécimes, com base em estudos prévios, aplicando-se um escore para cada local submetido à biópsia. RESULTADOS: Nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significante foi encontrada nesta amostra de pacientes que viesse alterar o estágio da doença, com base no escore utilizado. Este achado foi independente do local da biópsia (lobo médio ou segmento lingular). CONCLUSÕES: Não foram observadas diferenças histológicas significantes entre os lobos pulmonares estudados. O diagnóstico histológico definitivo de pneumonia intersticial usual não alterou o estágio da doença.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the differences between surgical biopsies of distinct lung lobes in terms of the histopathological features of usual interstitial pneumonia, using a semiquantitative score. METHODS: We selected all of the patients diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and submitted to surgical biopsy in two distinct lobes between 1995 and 2005 at the Hospital São Paulo and other hospitals operated by the Federal University of São Paulo. In the histological evaluation of the specimens, we used a semiquantitative method based on previous studies, assigning a score to each of the biopsied sites. RESULTS: In this sample of patients, we found no statistically significant differences that would alter the stage of the disease, based on the score used. This finding was independent of the biopsy site (middle lobe or lingular segment). CONCLUSIONS: No significant histological differences were found between the lung lobes studied. The definitive histological diagnosis of usual interstitial pneumonia did not alter the stage of the disease.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias/pathology , Lung/pathology , Biopsy/methods , Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Sensitivity and Specificity , Thoracic Surgery, Video-AssistedABSTRACT
CONTEXT: Essential hyperhidrosis is a frequent disorder causing significant functional impairment. The advent and development of video-assisted thoracoscopic techniques now allows thoracic sympathectomy to be carried out precisely and safety with good results and minimal morbidity. OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of video-assisted thoracic sympathectomy in patients diagnosed as presenting severe and disabling hyperhidrosis. TYPE OF STUDY: This was a longitudinal study of the clinical course of all hyperhidrosis cases selected for surgery between May 1999 and January 2003. SETTING: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Universidade Federal de Säo Paulo (UNIFESP). PARTICIPANTS: 743 patients with surgery indicated due to palmar hyperhidrosis (49.8 percent), palmar-axillary hyperhidrosis (38.1 percent), craniofacial hyperhidrosis (8.9 percent) or isolated axillary hyperhidrosis (2.8 percent). PROCEDURES: Video-thoracoscopic sympathectomy was performed, isolating the second thoracic ganglion (T2) in all patients, with additional sympathectomy of T3 and T4 if necessary. MAIN MEASUREMENTS:The clinical course was followed up via questionnaires, phone calls, letters and statements. Simple questions were asked regarding the disappearance of symptoms and presence and intensity of compensatory sweating. RESULTS: The surgery was regarded as efficient in all cases of palmar hyperhidrosis. In the craniofacial hyperhidrosis cases, partial recurrence of the symptoms occurred in 2 cases (3.0 percent). Partial recurrence or persistence of symptoms occurred in 20 percent of the patients with predominantly axillary symptomatology. The compensatory sweating was considered disagreeable or uncomfortable by about 30 percent of the patients, but it only reached the level of regretting the operation for 3 percent of them. This occurred more frequently in patients with axillary hyperhidrosis. Ten cases of complications occurred. CONCLUSION: Thoracoscopic sympathectomy provides very good results in most patients, with a very low complication rate. However, the assessment of surgical results using conventional methods is imprecise and inaccurate. Different methodology, including quality of life assessment, must be used for comparing results and providing objective data on the results of this operation